Medically reviewed by Michael MacIntyre, MD Cluster C personality disorders include conditions with anxious and fearful thoughts and behaviors. These are avoidant personality disorder (AVPD), ...

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is one of several personality disorders described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) by the American Psychiatric Association. BPD belongs to a group ...

Many of my clients seek therapy due to chronic relationship problems—whether it be with their parents, co-workers, family members, and/or partners. “They're driving me crazy!” “Is it them or me?" “Am ...

BPD causes symptoms like emotional and relationship instability as well as higher anxiety levels. Insurance coverage for treatment may vary, requiring you to check your specific plan. Borderline ...

HAMBURG — What is “normal” and what isn’t? This question is constantly being renegotiated in psychology. And sometimes, the boundaries shift, as they are now. What is considered a personality disorder ...

Dr. Oldham's contributions have fundamentally reshaped personality disorder classification, moving the field from rigid diagnostic categories toward a more nuanced dimensional system. As former ...

The exact cause of personality disorders is unclear. However, genetics, neurological differences, and environmental factors may contribute to the development of these complex mental health conditions.

Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is 1 of 10 clinically recognized personality disorders. Though NPD is only one official diagnosis, doctors further classify the condition into 2 types.

Schizotypal personality disorder is a cluster A personality disorder that involves various symptoms. These symptoms include difficulty in relationships, atypical thinking and behavior, and a distorted ...

Most people with NPD have a distorted sense of self and lack empathy. People with NPD might seek relationships mainly to boost their self-esteem. Overt and covert are two main types of narcissistic ...

Lindsay Curtis is a health & medical writer in South Florida. She worked as a communications professional for health nonprofits and the University of Toronto’s Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of ...