Cold-formed steel portal frames have emerged as a versatile and efficient structural system in modern construction. Their design exploits thin-walled steel sections, which are cold-formed to yield ...

Heavy Steel Frames: Fabricated from hot-rolled steel sections, heavy steel frames are significantly thicker—often above 6 mm—and heavier. They are used in buildings where high load-bearing capacity is ...

Keywords: hybrid simulation, collapse assessment, steel moment frames, steel gravity frames, integration methods, substructuring technique Abstract: This report presents two series of hybrid ...

For over a century, wood pole structures have been used to support overhead powerlines. Over time, as the utility industry expanded, the basic wood pole structure has evolved, but regardless of ...

Structural steel is a common choice for many industries, including concrete, buildings, architecture, construction, and infrastructure. Corrosion can cause safety issues like instability and other ...