The generation of synthetic market data is widely seen as one of the most promising applications of sophisticated artificial intelligence models, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs) and ...

All sorts of physical processes in this analog world exhibit some degree of randomness. Think of noise, for example. Many noisy processes are described by Gaussian probability distributions. We should ...

Think about a baseball game. The batter has to decide whether and how to hit the incoming pitch. He needs to judge the position and speed of the ball, given his own visual uncertainty, and to estimate ...