The term instrumentation amplifier (INA) often is misused, referring to the application rather than the architecture of the device. Historically, any amplifier that was considered precision (i.e., ...

In the first article about measurement systems we looked at sensors as a way to bring data into a measurement system. I explained that a sensor measures physical quantities which are turned into a ...

Op-amps are among the most widely used electronic devices, and are designed into many consumer, industrial, and scientific devices. General purpose, standard op amps sell for well under one dollar.

The operational amplifier is arguably the most useful single device in analog electronic circuitry. When you apply them in the circuits, you must know their basics and functions. As for the function ...

Over the last 5 years some outstanding advances have been made in monolithic operational amplifiers. These devices have progressed from the point where they were an expensive curiosity, with marginal ...