Process Engineering encompasses the analysis, modeling, simulation, optimization, design, control and operation of process systems, from micro-sized systems to huge industrial facilities. Many ...

Protein engineering is a powerful biotechnological process that focuses on creating new enzymes or proteins and improving the functions of existing ones by manipulating their natural macromolecular ...

The semiconductor industry has been diligently searching for alternative metal line materials to replace the conventional copper dual damascene scheme, because as interconnect dimensions shrink, the ...